Self-similarity based structural regularity for just noticeable difference estimation

1047-3203/$ see front matter 2012 Elsevier Inc. A http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvcir.2012.04.010 q This work is supported by National Natural Scienc Grant Nos. 60805012, 61033004, and 61070138, an 20090203110003. ⇑ Corresponding author. E-mail addresses: [email protected] (J. [email protected] (G. Shi). In this paper, we introduce a novel just noticeable difference (JND) threshold estimation model based on a spatial masking function taking both luminance difference and structural regularity into account. Existing spatial masking functions underestimate the JND threshold for irregular textural regions, because they mainly consider the amplitude of luminance change for simplicity. As regular areas show weak masking effect due to their self-similar structures while irregular regions present strong masking effect, the spatial structure directly determines spatial masking. To effectively measure structural regularity in images under different contents, we propose an adaptive non-local self-similarity analysis based procedure. Then we weight luminance differences with similarity coefficients and deduce a new spatial masking function. Finally, an accurate JND estimation model is introduced. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed JND model has a better visual effect than other models: it injects much noise into the insensitive regions, whereas little into the sensitive regions. 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.